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31.
Wickramasinghe NP Shaibat M Ishii Y 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2005,127(16):5796-5797
High-resolution NMR spectroscopy for paramagnetic complexes in solids has been rarely performed because of its limited sensitivity and resolution due to large paramagnetic shifts and associated technical difficulties. The present study demonstrates that magic angle spinning (MAS) at speeds exceeding 20 kHz provides unusually high sensitivity and excellent resolution in 1H solid-state NMR (SSNMR) for paramagnetic systems. Spinning-speed dependence of 1H MAS spectra showed that very fast MAS (VFMAS) at 24-28 kHz enhanced sensitivity by a factor of 12-18, compared with the sensitivity of 1H SSNMR spectra under moderate MAS at 10 kHz, for Cu(dl-alanine)2.H2O and Mn(acac)3, for which the spectral ranges due to 1H paramagnetic shifts reach 200 and 1000 ppm, respectively. It was theoretically and experimentally confirmed that the absolute sensitivity of 1H VFMAS for small paramagnetic complexes such as Cu(dl-alanine)2 can be an order of magnitude higher than that of equimolar diamagnetic ligands because of short 1H T1 ( approximately 1 ms) of the paramagnetic systems and improved sensitivity under VFMAS. On the basis of this demonstrated high sensitivity, 1H SSNMR micro analysis of paramagnetic systems in a nanomole scale is proposed. Applications were performed on two polymorphs of Cu(II)(8-quinolinol)2, which is a suppressor of human cancer cells. It was demonstrated that 1H VFMAS SSNMR spectra accumulated for 20 nmol of the polycrystalline samples in 10 min enabled one to distinguish alpha- and beta-forms of Cu(II)(8-quinolinol)2 on the basis of shift positions and line widths. 相似文献
32.
A cross-linked 1,3,5-tristyrylbenzene dendrimer 5 was synthesized to study the photochemical isomerization mechanism. On irradiation, 5 isomerized with the quantum yields (ΦE→Z) of 0.063, which was not very much different from that for a model compound 1 (ΦE→Z 0.080), supporting a volume-conserving hula-twist (HT) mechanism during the photochemical E-Z isomerization. 相似文献
33.
Hitoshi Kubota Yoshitaka Ogiwara Kei Matsuzaki 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1974,12(12):2809-2819
The decay behavior of cellulose radicals produced by photo-irradiation at room temperature and the characteristics of photo-irradiated cellulose samples to initiate graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) were investigated. ESR spectra of such untreated, swollen, oximated, and ferric ion-sensitized samples irradiated at room temperature were constructed mainly of a single absorption line with a line width of 20 to 22 gauss and a g value of 2.003, and it is surely conceivable that the radicals showing a singlet spectrum should agree with those of alkoxy end produced at either the C1 or C4 position of the glucose unit by the scission of glucosidic bonds. The decay of radicals was accelerated by contact of various solvents with the samples, the activity decreasing in the order, water ≈ methanol ? acetone > dioxane. On the other hand, the decay of radicals by vinyl monomers became smaller in the order, methacrylic acid > MMA ≈ styrene. Graft copolymerization of MMA by a photo-irradiated sample was effectively initiated with the use of a certain amount of water or methanol, but not with acetone and dioxane. As no initiation can occur with the unirradiated sample, it is concluded that the initiation of graft copolymerization on the photo-irradiated sample is attributable to cellulose radicals showing a singlet spectrum which are formed in photo-irradiation at room temperature. 相似文献
34.
Yuka Wakata Mika Tokumoto Ryo Horiguchi Katsutoshi Ishikawa Yoshitaka Nagahama Toshinobu Tokumoto 《BMC biochemistry》2004,5(1):18
Background
The 26S proteasome is the proteolytic machinery of the ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic system responsible for most of the regulated intracellular protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. Previously, we demonstrated meiotic cell cycle dependent phosphorylation of α4 subunit of the 26S proteasome. In this study, we analyzed the changes in the spotting pattern separated by 2-D gel electrophoresis of α subunits during Xenopus oocyte maturation. 相似文献35.
Yoshitaka Ishimuro Fumiyuki Hamada Akio Nakajima 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1979,17(6):1811-1819
The scattering function of rods with a constant radius, 8 Å, and a length distribution of the Schulz–Zimm type was calculated on a computer as a model of helical synthetic polypeptide. The influence of length and length distribution on the scattered intensity of small-angle x-ray scattering was clarified. As length grows and length distribution broadens it is difficult to obtain reliable values of molecular weight and radius of gyration from a Zimm plot. The influence of length distribution on the mass per unit length, Mq, and the radius of gyration of the cross section, 〈S〉1/2, from the Guinier plot of the cross-sectional factor decreases as the length increases, and reliable values of Mq and 〈S〉1/2 can be obtained even for rods with wide distribution for rods more than 600 Å long. In particular, it is pointed out that the value of 〈S〉1/2 is little influenced by length and length distribution. 相似文献
36.
An accurate structure refinement of the deuterated analog of the cesium lithium acid sulfate, formerly identified as ‘Cs1.5Li1.5H(SO4)2’, has been carried out using neutron diffraction methods. Like the protonated material reported earlier (Merinov et al., Solid State Ionics 69 (1994) 53), the compound is cubic, , however, the correct stoichiometry is Cs3Li(DSO4)4. There are four formula units per unit cell and six atoms in the asymmetric unit. The lattice constant measured in this work is a=11.743(2) Å, comparable to the earlier results. The structure contains one disordered hydrogen bond, formed between O(2) atoms and located on two of the edges of the single LiO4 tetrahedron. The Li site occupancy is , as is that of the deuterium site. This level of site occupancies is consistent with a structure in which hydrogen bonds are formed only when the lithium site is unoccupied, and explains the otherwise close proximity of the Li and D atoms, 1.394(10) Å. This unusual structural feature furthermore leads to a fixed stoichiometry, as confirmed here by chemical analysis of both the deuterated and protonated materials, despite the partial occupancy of the lithium and deuterium (hydrogen) atom sites. 相似文献
37.
Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations of the transition energies and oscillator strengths of fluorinated alkanes have been performed. The TD-DFT method with the non-local B3LYP potential yields transition energies for the methanes, which are smaller by about 10% as compared to the experimental values. An empirical linear correlation was found between the calculated and experimental transition energies both at the B3LYP/DZ+Ryd(C, F) and B3LYP/cc-pVTZ+Ryd(C, F, H) levels for a total of 19 transitions of the fluorinated methanes with linear correlation coefficients of 0.987 for the former and 0.988 for the latter. This empirical correlation for fluorinated methane molecules is found to agree well with the previously obtained empirical correlations between calculated and experimental values for non-fluorinated molecules. The results show that a single empirical-correlation relationship can be used for both non-fluorinated and fluorinated molecules to predict transition energies. This linear relationship is then used to predict the photoabsorption spectra of ethane, propane, butane, and partially and fully fluorinated derivatives. A key result of these calculations is the dominance of Rydberg transitions in the spectral region of interest. 相似文献
38.
Ando K Tsuji E Ando Y Kunitomo J Kobayashi R Yokomizo T Shimizu T Yamashita M Ohta S Nabe T Kohno S Ohishi Y 《Organic & biomolecular chemistry》2005,3(11):2129-2139
Variable benzo[b]furan derivatives having (E)- and (Z)-2-alkylcarbamoyl-1-methylvinyl groups at the 2-, 4- and 5-positions and a carboxylpropoxy or (1-phenyl)ethoxy group at the 7-position were prepared to find novel and selective leukotriene B4(LTB4) receptor antagonists. (E)-2-(2-diethylcarbamoyl-1-methylvinyl)-7-(1-phenylethoxy)benzo[b]furan (4v) showed selective inhibition to the human BLT2 receptor (hBLT2). On the other hand, (E)-2-acetyl-4-(2-diethylcarbamoyl-1-methylvinyl)-7-(1-phenylethoxy)benzo[b]furan (7v) inhibited both human BLT(1) receptor (hBLT1) and hBLT2. The (E)-2-(2-diethylcarbamoyl-1-methylvinyl) group lay on approximately the same plane as the benzo[b]furan ring, whereas the (E)-4-(2-diethylcarbamoyl-1-methylvinyl) group had the torsion angle (45.7 degree) from the benzo[b]furan ring plane. However, the (Z)-(2-alkylcarbamoyl-1-methylvinyl)benzo[b]furans were inactive. The inhibitory activity depended on the conformation of the 2-diethylcarbamoyl-1-methylvinyl group. 相似文献
39.
Highly dispersed zirconium phosphate was prepared by reacting Cel/ZrO(2) (ZrO(2)=6.7 wt%; 0.56 mmol g(-1) of zirconium atom per gram of the material) with phosphoric acid. High power decoupling magic angle spinning (HPDEC-MAS)(31)P NMR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data indicated that HPO(2-)(4) is the species present on the fiber surface. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that zirconium hydrogen phosphate particles were amorphous and had an ion-exchange capacity, determined by ammonia gas adsorption, of 0.30 mmol g(-1). The ion-exchange capacities for Li(+), Na(+), and K(+) ions were determined from ion-exchange isotherms at 298 K and showed the following values (in mmol g(-1)): Li(+)=0.01, Na(+)=0.23, and K(+)=0.30. The higher affinity of the surface hydrogen phosphate particles for Na(+) and K(+) is due to its lamelar structure which permits easier diffusion of these two ions whose hydrated radii are smaller than that of Li(+). 相似文献
40.
Yoshitaka Ogiwara Yuji Kimura Zenjiro Osawa Hitoshi Kubota 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1977,15(7):1667-1675
Effects of ferric chloride (FeCl3) on photodegradation of high-density polyethylene (PE) were investigated by using ESR and infrared spectrometry. In the system with irradiation at light of λ > 220 nm, PE irradiated at 77°K yielded an 8-line spectrum, the intensity of which was markedly weakened by using FeCl3 with the sample, indicating a distinct depression of radical formation. On the other hand, PE with the use of FeCl3 yielded radicals under irradiation only with light of λ > 300 nm, showing a singlet spectrum with a line width of 15 gauss. For photooxidized PE, almost the same effect of FeCl3 was observed. On irradiation at room temperature, PE samples with and without FeCl3 showed a singlet spectrum with line widths of 15 and 25 gauss, respectively. On the other hand, the unsaturated double bond contained in a small amount in PE sample was observed by infrared study to be decreased with photoirradiation; however, the decrease was sharply depressed with the addition of FeCl3 to the sample. The degradation of carbonyl group in a photooxidized sample was markedly affected by photoirradiation, and the decay was obviously reduced for the sample on addition of FeCl3. It is concluded that FeCl3 works upon photodegradation of PE to enhance the Norrish type II reaction and to accelerate the formation of unsaturated double bond in the chain. 相似文献